AI legal tracker
Laws, bills, and regulations are moving at different speeds.
Use this tracker to separate binding obligations from pending proposals, agency policy, and voluntary frameworks before deciding what requires action now.
Regional views
Binding public law
Statutes, regulations, and local laws that create legal obligations outside government itself across the jurisdictions currently covered here.
Preset views
Quick views
| Region | Jurisdiction | Measure | Category | Status | Effective date | Summary | Penalty / enforcement | Clearon analysis |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| United States | Alabama | AL HB172 — Alabama Materially Deceptive Election Media Law | Election Deepfakes & Political Ads | Enacted | 2024-10-01 | Bars materially deceptive AI-generated election media without a clear manipulation disclaimer. | Class A misdemeanor for a first offense; Class D felony for a subsequent offense. | — |
| United States | Alabama | HB 168 — Alabama Child Protection Act of 2024 | Child Safety / CSAM | Enacted | 2024-10-01 | Expands the definition of child sexual abuse material to include virtually indistinguishable AI-generated depictions. | Existing criminal penalties apply. | — |
| United States | Alabama | HB 351 — Alabama Personal Data Protection Act | Privacy & ADMT | Enacted | 2027-05-01 | Gives consumers an opt-out right for solely automated processing tied to significant decisions and requires broader privacy compliance controls. | Up to $15,000 per violation. | — |
| United States | Arizona | HB 2394 — Arizona General Deepfake Law | Election Deepfakes & Political Ads | Enacted | 2024-06-04 | Lets Arizona citizens and ballot candidates seek relief when undisclosed digital impersonations create a risk of harm, including election harm. | Permanent declaratory relief, permanent injunctive relief, and in some circumstances damages. | — |
| United States | Arizona | SB 1359 — Arizona Political Deepfake Law | Election Deepfakes & Political Ads | Enacted | 2024-06-04 | Requires clear disclosure when synthetic media depicts a candidate within 90 days of an election. | Permanent declaratory relief, permanent injunctive relief, and in some circumstances damages. | — |
| United States | California | Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17940 | Election Deepfakes & Political Ads | In force | 2019-01-01 | California requires bot disclosure in covered commercial and election-influence interactions. | Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17941 makes undisclosed deceptive bot use unlawful, and § 17942(a) says the chapter's duties are cumulative with other law; the chapter itself does not add a stand-alone AI-only penalty schedule. | — |
| United States | California | California AB 1831 | General AI Governance | In force | 2025-01-01 | California expanded child-sexual-abuse-material and obscenity offenses to include certain digitally altered and artificial-intelligence-generated depictions of minors engaged in sexual conduct. | Criminal penalties under amended Penal Code provisions including felony exposure for covered conduct. | — |
| United States | California | California AB 1836 | General AI Governance | In force | 2025-01-01 | California created a new deceased-personality digital-replica right covering unauthorized use of highly realistic AI-generated voice or likeness in expressive audiovisual works or sound recordings. | Statutory damages and other civil remedies under amended publicity-rights law. | — |
| United States | California | California AB 2013 | General AI Governance | In force | 2025-01-01 | California requires covered generative AI developers to post documentation about data used to train their systems. | Civil Code § 3111 creates the posting and dataset-documentation duty, and the enacted Title 15.2 text reviewed here does not add a separate penalty or private-remedy section. | — |
| United States | California | California AB 2355 | Election Deepfakes & Political Ads | In force | 2025-01-01 | California added AI-disclosure requirements for certain political advertisements under the Political Reform Act. | Gov. Code § 84514(c)(1) authorizes the FPPC to seek injunctive relief under § 90009 or pursue administrative and civil remedies under Chapter 3 (§ 83100 et seq.) and Chapter 11 (§ 91000 et seq.); § 84514(c)(2) says a disclosure violation is not a misdemeanor. | — |
| United States | California | California AB 2655 | Election Deepfakes & Political Ads | In force | 2025-01-01 | California requires large online platforms to remove or label certain materially deceptive election deepfakes and related synthetic media during defined election windows. | Elections Code §§ 20515(b) and 20516 authorize candidates, elected officials, elections officials, and the Attorney General or local prosecutors to seek injunctive or other equitable relief to compel removal, labeling, or reporting-process compliance; the plaintiff must prove the violation by clear and convincing evidence and the action gets precedence under Code Civ. Proc. § 35. | — |
| United States | California | California AB 2839 | Election Deepfakes & Political Ads | In force | 2024-09-17 | California prohibits malicious distribution of materially deceptive election advertisements and other election communications during specified pre- and post-election windows, subject to disclosures and exceptions. | Elections Code § 20012(d)(1)-(3) authorizes injunctive or other equitable relief, prevailing-plaintiff fees and costs, general or special damages, prevailing-party fees and costs, and other available legal or equitable remedies; it excludes liability for broadcasters or websites that did not create the content and imposes a clear-and-convincing burden. | — |
| United States | California | California AB 489 | General AI Governance | In force | 2026-01-01 | California bars AI or generative-AI systems from using terms or functionality that falsely imply licensed human health-professional advice or status. | Bus. & Prof. Code § 4999.9 subjects violations to the jurisdiction of the appropriate licensing board or enforcement agency, authorizes injunctions or restraining orders under § 125.5, and makes each prohibited use a separate violation; the act also expands the scope of existing criminal prohibitions. | — |
| United States | California | California SB 243 | General AI Governance | In force | 2026-01-01 | California requires companion chatbot platforms to disclose artificial identity maintain suicide and self-harm safeguards add minor-specific protections and make annual reports on suicidal-ideation protocols. | Bus. & Prof. Code § 22605 authorizes injunctive relief, the greater of actual damages or $1,000 per violation, and reasonable attorney's fees and costs; § 22606 makes the chapter's duties and remedies cumulative with other law. | — |
| United States | California | California SB 53 | General AI Governance | In force | 2026-01-01 | California enacted the Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act requiring large frontier developers to publish safety frameworks report critical safety incidents and protect covered whistleblowers. | Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.15 authorizes Attorney General civil actions for up to $1,000,000 per violation for specified noncompliance; the companion Labor Code whistleblower provisions authorize attorney's fees for successful plaintiffs and temporary preliminary and permanent injunctive relief. | — |
| United States | California | California SB 981 | General AI Governance | In force | 2025-01-01 | California requires social media platforms to provide reporting and takedown processes for covered sexually explicit digital identity-theft images and videos. | Business and Professions Code § 22671 imposes the reporting, timing, temporary-blocking, and removal duties, and the enacted chapter reviewed here does not add a stand-alone penalty clause or private-remedy section. | — |
| Canada | Canada | Directive on Automated Decision-Making | Public AI Governance | In force | 2019-04-01 | Binding federal public-sector directive requiring algorithmic impact assessments transparency human involvement and related controls for automated administrative decisions. | No stand-alone statutory penalty scheme identified; compliance operates through Treasury Board policy governance and departmental oversight. | — |
| Asia-Pacific | China | China AI Content Labeling Measures | General AI Governance | Enacted / pending effective date | 2025-09-01 | Binding AI-content labeling rules requiring explicit interface disclosures and embedded metadata for generated or synthetic content. | Administrative supervision and penalties under applicable law once effective. | — |
| Asia-Pacific | China | China Algorithmic Recommendation Provisions | General AI Governance | In force | 2022-03-01 | Binding algorithmic-recommendation rules requiring transparency user controls filing and baseline governance protections. | Administrative penalties include warnings correction orders suspension of updates and fines under Article 31 where specific provisions are violated | — |
| Asia-Pacific | China | China Deep Synthesis Provisions | General AI Governance | In force | 2023-01-10 | Binding deep-synthesis rules covering identity verification content review labeling filing and security-assessment obligations. | Administrative supervision and penalties under applicable law including underlying cybersecurity and public-security frameworks. | — |
| Asia-Pacific | China | China Generative AI Interim Measures | General AI Governance | In force | 2023-08-15 | Binding interim measures governing public-facing generative AI services in China with security data and content-governance duties. | Administrative supervision and sanctions through the underlying cybersecurity data and other applicable laws. | — |
| United States | Colorado | Colorado ADMT Act / SB26-189 | Privacy & ADMT | Enacted / pending effective date | 2027-01-01 | Colorado enacted a revised automated decision-making technology law for consequential decisions that repeals and reenacts the earlier SB24-205 framework | Enforced by the Colorado Attorney General under the deceptive trade practices framework with a 60-day cure opportunity when cure is possible | Article |
| United States | Colorado | Colorado AI Act | General AI Governance | Superseded before effective date | 2026-06-30 | Colorado's original 2024 AI Act created high-risk AI and algorithmic-discrimination duties but was repealed and reenacted before its main operative date | Exclusive AG enforcement under deceptive trade practices framework | Article |
| United States | Colorado | Colorado HB24-1147 | Election Deepfakes & Political Ads | In force | 2024-07-01 | Colorado election deepfake law requiring specified disclosures for deceptive synthetic media about candidates and creating enforcement and candidate civil remedies. | Administrative penalties under campaign-practices procedures plus candidate injunctive and damages remedies. | — |
| United States | Colorado | Colorado SB21-169 | General AI Governance | In force | 2021-09-07 | Colorado insurance law restricting use of external consumer data, algorithms, and predictive models that unfairly discriminate in insurance practices. | Enforced through insurance regulation, rulemaking, examination, and investigation authorities. | — |
| United States | Connecticut | Connecticut SB 1103 / Public Act 23-16 | Public AI Governance | In force | 2024-02-01 | Connecticut required a state inventory and ongoing assessment of AI systems used by state agencies and directed public-agency policies for development procurement and implementation. | No stand-alone penalty scheme identified in the tracked source; compliance operates through state-agency inventory assessment and policy duties. | — |
| United States | Connecticut | Connecticut SB-5 / Public Act 26-15 | Employment & HR | In force (staged) | 2026-05-11 | Broad Connecticut AI statute covering governance disclosures synthetic content automated employment-related decision processes state AI institutions and related safe-harbor/program structures | Contains AG-enforced provisions and other programmatic/regulatory obligations across multiple sections; staged effective dates appear in the enacted act and need fuller extraction | Article |
| United States | Delaware | Delaware HB 233 | Public AI Governance | In force | 2024-07-17 | Delaware created a state AI commission and required an inventory of generative AI use across state government. | No direct penalty scheme summarized in the enacted measure; governance works through commission and inventory obligations. | — |
| United States | Delaware | Delaware Personal Data Privacy Act | Privacy & ADMT | Enacted | 2025-01-01 | Provides opt-out rights for automated processing tied to significant decisions and requires data protection assessments. | Up to $10,000 per violation. | — |
| United States | Delaware | HB 353 — Delaware Deepfakes Intimate Images Act | Intimate Images / Digital Replica | Enacted | 2024-08-07 | Adds civil and criminal remedies for nonconsensual deepfakes depicting identifiable individuals nude or engaged in sexual conduct. | Existing criminal penalties under the Unauthorized Disclosure of Intimate Images statute apply. | — |
| European Union | European Union | EU AI Act | General AI Governance | In force (staged) | 2024-08-01; staged: 2025-02-02, 2025-08-02, 2026-08-02, 2027-08-02 | Comprehensive EU AI regulation with prohibited practices high-risk obligations and transparency duties Staged dates: prohibited practices and literacy 2025-02-02; GPAI and selected transparency pieces 2025-08-02; most core obligations 2026-08-02; some later product-related timing 2027-08-02. | See official source for operative penalty and enforcement details. | — |
| United States | Florida | HB 919 — Florida AI Use in Political Advertising | Election Deepfakes & Political Ads | Enacted | 2024-07-01 | Requires disclaimers for political ads and electioneering communications containing AI-generated deepfakes intended to influence an election. | First-degree misdemeanor. | — |
| United States | Florida | SB 1680 — Florida CSAM amendment | Child Safety / CSAM | Enacted | 2025-01-01 | Expands child pornography definitions to cover realistic fictitious minors created or altered by computer-generated means. | Existing criminal penalties apply. | — |
| United States | Florida | SB 262 — Florida Digital Bill of Rights | Privacy & ADMT | Enacted | 2024-07-01 | Creates an opt-out right for solely automated processing tied to significant decisions and requires assessments for those uses. | Up to $50,000 per violation. | — |
| United States | Hawaii | SB 2687 — Deceptive Media in Election Advertisements | Election Deepfakes & Political Ads | Enacted | 2024-07-03 | Prohibits reckless distribution of materially deceptive media during an election cycle unless a proper disclaimer is included. | Criminal charges and fines, plus civil actions for injunctive relief and general or special damages. | — |
| United States | Hawaii | SB 309 — Hawaii Intimate Image Amendment | Intimate Images / Digital Replica | Enacted | 2021-06-23 | Expands Hawaii’s privacy law to cover intentionally created nude or sexually explicit images of a composite fictitious person identifiable as a real individual. | Existing penalties apply. | — |
| United States | Idaho | HB 664 | Election Deepfakes & Political Ads | Enacted | 2024-03-25 | Idaho enacted an election-deepfake measure reflected in the cited official source. | See the cited official source for the operative penalty and enforcement text; this tracker row confirms the law and status but does not yet quote the full remedy language. | — |
| United States | Idaho | I.C. § 5-346 — Relating to Personhood | General AI Governance | Enacted | 2022-07-01 | Bars the grant of personhood to artificial intelligence in Idaho. | No direct penalty summarized. | — |
| United States | Idaho | Idaho Code § 18-6606 — Explicit Synthetic Media law | Intimate Images / Digital Replica | Enacted | 2024-07-01 | Prohibits knowing disclosure of explicit synthetic media that realistically misrepresents an identifiable individual and could be used to harm, threaten, or harass them. | Misdemeanor or felony charges, and up to $25,000 in criminal fines. | — |
| United States | Idaho | S1227 — Generative Artificial Intelligence in Education | Education | Enacted | 2026-07-01 | Requires a statewide AI-in-education framework and local district policies for student and employee generative AI use and procurement. | No direct penalty summarized. | — |
| United States | Illinois | Illinois AIVIA | Employment & HR | In force | 2020-01-01 | Illinois law regulating AI analysis of applicant video interviews | Notice explanation and consent obligations; enforcement details need separate confirmation | — |
| United States | Indiana | HB 1133 | Election Deepfakes & Political Ads | Enacted | 2024-03-12 | Indiana has a current election-deepfake or synthetic-media election measure reflected in the cited official source. | See the cited official source for the operative penalty and enforcement text; this tracker row confirms the law and status but does not yet quote the full remedy language. | — |
| Asia-Pacific | Japan | Japan AI Promotion Act | Public AI Governance | In force (staged) | 2025-06-04 | Japan enacted a national AI framework law centered on strategic planning research promotion public-sector use information gathering and international coordination. | No stand-alone penalty scheme identified in the official Diet summary; the law primarily creates strategy planning coordination and policy-promotion duties. | — |
| United States | Kentucky | Kentucky SB 4 / Acts Chapter 66 | Public AI Governance | In force | 2025-03-24 | Kentucky enacted a state-government AI governance framework and a synthetic-media electioneering cause of action with disclosure-based defenses. | State-governance compliance duties plus private civil actions and related court-ordered disclosure enforcement for covered synthetic-media electioneering communications. | — |
| United States | Maine | LD 517 | Election Deepfakes & Political Ads | Enacted | 2026-07-29 | Maine has a current election-deepfake or synthetic-media election measure reflected in the cited official source. | See the cited official source for the operative penalty and enforcement text; this tracker row confirms the law and status but does not yet quote the full remedy language. | — |
| United States | Maine | Maine LD 1727 / HP 1154 / Chapter 294 | General AI Governance | In force | 2025-06-12 | Maine requires clear disclosure when a consumer is interacting with an AI chatbot or similar computer technology in trade or commerce. | A violation is expressly deemed a violation of the Maine Unfair Trade Practices Act, so ordinary UTPA enforcement and remedies apply rather than a separate AI-only penalty schedule. | — |
| United States | Michigan | HB 4047 / Public Act 11 of 2025 | Intimate Images / Digital Replica | Enacted | 2025-08-26 | Michigan's Protection from Intimate Deep Fakes Act creates civil and criminal liability for nonconsensual deep fakes that realistically depict an identifiable person nude or engaged in sexual conduct. | Civil remedies include damages, disgorgement, attorney's fees, and injunctive relief; criminally, a misdemeanor carries up to 1 year or $3,000, and aggravating cases carry up to 3 years or $5,000. | — |
| United States | Michigan | HB 5141 / Public Act 263 of 2023 | Election Deepfakes & Political Ads | Enacted | 2024-02-13 | Michigan requires AI-generated qualified political advertisements and certain prerecorded campaign messages to include clear artificial-intelligence disclosures. | Qualified-political-ad violations can trigger state civil infractions up to $250 for a first violation and up to $1,000 for later violations; knowing prerecorded-message violations are misdemeanors punishable by up to 93 days or $1,000. | — |
| United States | Michigan | HB 5144 | Election Deepfakes & Political Ads | Enacted | 2024-02-13 | Michigan enacted an election-deepfake measure reflected in the cited official source. | First violation: misdemeanor punishable by up to 90 days' imprisonment or a fine up to $500, or both; repeat violation within 5 years: felony punishable by up to 5 years' imprisonment or a fine up to $1,000, or both; attorney general and specified private parties may seek permanent injunctive relief. | — |
| United States | Minnesota | HF 1370; HF 4772 | Election Deepfakes & Political Ads | Enacted | Various dates | Minnesota has a current election-deepfake or synthetic-media election measure reflected in the cited official source. | See the cited official source for the operative penalty and enforcement text; this tracker row confirms the law and status but does not yet quote the full remedy language. | — |
| United States | Mississippi | SB 2577 | Election Deepfakes & Political Ads | Enacted | 2024-07-01 | Mississippi has a current election-deepfake or synthetic-media election measure reflected in the cited official source. | See the cited official source for the operative penalty and enforcement text; this tracker row confirms the law and status but does not yet quote the full remedy language. | — |
| United States | Montana | Mont. Code Ann. § 13-35-802 (enacted via Ch. 541, L. 2025) | Election Deepfakes & Political Ads | Enacted | Montana has a current election-deepfake or synthetic-media election measure reflected in the cited official source. | Violations can be enjoined, with costs and reasonable attorney fees; repeat findings escalate to a misdemeanor punishable by up to a $500 fine and 6 months in jail, then to a felony punishable by up to a $5,000 fine and 2 years in prison. | — | |
| United States | Montana | Montana HB 178 / Ch. 427 L. 2025 | Public AI Governance | In force | 2025-10-01 | Montana restricted public-sector AI by prohibiting specified government uses requiring AI disclosures in public interfaces and requiring human review for recommendations or decisions affecting legal rights duties or privileges. | No stand-alone penalty section identified in the code chapter; operative duties are framed as direct prohibitions disclosure obligations and human-review requirements. | — |
| United States | Nevada | AB 73 | Election Deepfakes & Political Ads | Enacted | 2026-01-01 | Nevada has a current election-deepfake or synthetic-media election measure reflected in the cited official source. | See the cited official source for the operative penalty and enforcement text; this tracker row confirms the law and status but does not yet quote the full remedy language. | — |
| United States | New Hampshire | HB 269 | Election Deepfakes & Political Ads | Enacted | 2025-07-13 | New Hampshire has a current election-deepfake or synthetic-media election measure reflected in the cited official source. | See the cited official source for the operative penalty and enforcement text; this tracker row confirms the law and status but does not yet quote the full remedy language. | — |
| United States | New York | New York RAISE Act / S8828 / A9449 / Chapter 96 | General AI Governance | Enacted / pending effective date | 2027-01-01 | New York enacted a frontier-model transparency and safety law requiring published AI frameworks incident reporting and related duties for covered frontier developers. | N.Y. Gen. Bus. Law § 1427 authorizes attorney-general civil actions for up to $1,000,000 for a first violation and up to $3,000,000 per subsequent violation for failures to publish or transmit compliant documents, prohibited statements under § 1421(4), incident-reporting failures under § 1422, or failure to comply with the developer's own framework; § 1427(2) disclaims a private right of action. | — |
| United States | New York City | AEDT / Local Law 144 | Employment & HR | In force | 2023-07-05 | NYC hiring-tool bias audit and notice regime | Civil penalties up to $500 for a first violation and $500-$1 | — |
| United States | Oregon | SB 1571 | Election Deepfakes & Political Ads | Enacted | 2024-03-27 | Oregon has a current election-deepfake or synthetic-media election measure reflected in the cited official source. | See the cited official source for the operative penalty and enforcement text; this tracker row confirms the law and status but does not yet quote the full remedy language. | — |
| United States | Pennsylvania | SB 649 | Election Deepfakes & Political Ads | Enacted | 2025-09-05 | Pennsylvania has a current election-deepfake or synthetic-media election measure reflected in the cited official source. | See the cited official source for the operative penalty and enforcement text; this tracker row confirms the law and status but does not yet quote the full remedy language. | — |
| United States | Rhode Island | H 5872 Substitute A | Election Deepfakes & Political Ads | Enacted | 2025-07-02 | Rhode Island has a current election-deepfake or synthetic-media election measure reflected in the cited official source. | Candidate or political-committee plaintiffs may seek injunctive or other equitable relief; depicted candidates may seek general or special damages plus reasonable attorney fees and costs. | — |
| Asia-Pacific | South Korea | South Korea AI Basic Act | General AI Governance | Enacted / pending effective date | 2026-01-22 | Nationwide AI-specific framework statute establishing state planning support and trust-governance foundations for AI. | No stand-alone penalty summary was cleanly extractable from the limited official English text fetched here; core significance is framework governance and implementation authority rather than a single immediate fine schedule. | — |
| United States | Tennessee | SB 1624 / HB 1513 | Election Deepfakes & Political Ads | Enacted | 2026-07-01 | Tennessee has a current election-deepfake or synthetic-media election measure reflected in the cited official source. | Class C misdemeanor for violating the disclaimer requirement; depicted candidates may seek damages and equitable relief. | — |
| United States | Texas | Texas SB 1964 | Public AI Governance | In force | 2025-09-01 | Texas enacted a broad public-sector AI governance law covering state and local use of AI systems code-of-ethics requirements heightened-scrutiny standards inventories and compliance controls. | Governance and compliance duties operate through required standards inventories reporting and procurement/risk-management controls rather than a single stand-alone civil-penalty clause. | — |
| United Kingdom | United Kingdom | UK SI 2026/425 | Privacy & ADMT | In force | 2026-04-24 | Narrow binding UK statutory instrument requiring an ICO code of practice on AI and automated decision-making under the Data Protection Act 2018. | Instrument itself establishes code-making requirement; downstream enforcement sits in data protection framework. | — |
| United States | Utah | SB 131 | Election Deepfakes & Political Ads | Enacted | 2024-05-01 | Utah SB 131 is enacted and requires specified AI/synthetic-media disclosures for audio or visual communications intended to influence voting. | Class B misdemeanor; escalates to a class A misdemeanor if intended to cause violence or bodily harm and to a class E felony for a repeat offense within 5 years; candidate may seek injunctive relief. | — |
| United States | Utah | Utah AIPA | General AI Governance | In force | 2024-05-01 | Utah AI statute creates generative-AI disclosure duties plus an AI policy office and learning-laboratory framework. | Division enforcement with fines up to $2 | — |
| United States | Utah | Utah HB 452 | Privacy & ADMT | In force | 2025-05-07 | Utah regulates mental-health chatbots with disclosure privacy safety policy and enforcement requirements. | Creates disclosure and policy obligations with consumer-protection enforcement and related professional-practice consequences under the enacted sections. | — |
| United States | Utah | Utah SB 271 | General AI Governance | In force | 2025-05-07 | Utah expanded personal-identity protections to cover unauthorized AI impersonation and related commercial uses. | The act authorizes injunctive relief damages exemplary damages and attorney's fees for covered violations and limits certain liability through enumerated exemptions. | — |
| United States | Vermont | S.23 (Act 75) | Election Deepfakes & Political Ads | Enacted | 2026-03-05 | Vermont S.23 / Act 75 is enacted and requires disclosures for deceptive and fraudulent synthetic media within 90 days before an election in Vermont. | Fine up to $1,000; up to $5,000 if intended to cause violence or bodily harm; up to $10,000 for a repeat violation within 5 years; up to $15,000 if both apply; candidate may seek injunctive or other equitable relief. | — |
| United States | Washington | SB 5152 | Election Deepfakes & Political Ads | Enacted | 2023-07-23 | Washington has a current election-deepfake or synthetic-media election measure reflected in the cited official source. | See the cited official source for the operative penalty and enforcement text; this tracker row confirms the law and status but does not yet quote the full remedy language. | — |
| United States | Wisconsin | AB 664 | Election Deepfakes & Political Ads | Enacted | 2024-03-23 | Wisconsin has a current election-deepfake or synthetic-media election measure reflected in the cited official source. | See the cited official source for the operative penalty and enforcement text; this tracker row confirms the law and status but does not yet quote the full remedy language. | — |
No rows match the current filters.
Significant pending proposals
Curated proposals and later-stage bills that are not yet binding law but are important enough to watch. Early introduced bills and obvious dead-end measures are excluded by design.
Preset views
Quick views
| Region | Jurisdiction | Measure | Category | Status | Effective date | Summary | Penalty / enforcement | Clearon analysis |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Latin America | Brazil | Brazil AI Framework Bill | General AI Governance | Proposed | Brazilian AI framework bill approved by Senate but still pending in Chamber; not enacted. | Proposed; penalties not final. | — | |
| United States | California | California AB 410 | General AI Governance | Proposed | Proposed California modernization of the existing bot-disclosure law for AI and generative-AI-era bot interactions. | Proposed; penalties not final. | — | |
| Canada | Canada | AIDA | General AI Governance | Lapsed / not enacted | Proposed Canadian AI framework under Bill C-27; not enacted and would require reintroduction to proceed. | Proposed; penalties not final. | — | |
| United States | Colorado | Colorado HB26-1139 | General AI Governance | Passed legislature / governor action not yet confirmed | Colorado health-care AI bill covering utilization-review use of AI systems, human oversight of adverse determinations, and restrictions/disclosures around mental health companion chatbots and psychotherapy uses. | Proposed; penalties not final. | — | |
| United States | Connecticut | Connecticut HB-5342 | Election Deepfakes & Political Ads | Proposed | Connecticut synthetic-media elections bill that would prohibit distribution of certain deceptive synthetic media within the ninety-day period preceding an election or primary. | Proposed; penalties not final. | — | |
| United States | Connecticut | Connecticut SB-86 | General AI Governance | Proposed | Connecticut AI bill tied to the Governor budget recommendations, including AI innovation, regulatory-sandbox, and responsible-use concepts; official CGA status page shows committee advancement but no floor passage. | Proposed; penalties not final. | — | |
| United States | Iowa | HF 2609 | Election Deepfakes & Political Ads | Passed House | Iowa has a tracked election-deepfake proposal reflected in the cited official source. Current public status: Passed House. | Proposed; penalties not final. | — | |
| United States | Maryland | HB 145 / SB 141 | Election Deepfakes & Political Ads | Passed both chambers / governor action not yet confirmed | Maryland has a tracked election-deepfake proposal reflected in the cited official source. Current public status: Passed both chambers / governor action not yet confirmed. | Proposed; penalties not final. | — | |
| Latin America | Mexico | AI Article 73 amendment | General AI Governance | Proposed | Official SIL-hosted constitutional initiative to authorize Congress to legislate more explicitly in AI and enable a general AI-law framework. | Proposed; penalties not final. | — | |
| Latin America | Mexico | Ley Federal de IA | General AI Governance | Proposed | Official Senate initiative proposing a federal AI law with a risk-based approach and secondary rulemaking structure. | Proposed; penalties not final. | — | |
| Latin America | Mexico | Ley Nacional IA | General AI Governance | Proposed | Official Senate initiative proposing a national AI framework with planning and coordination elements. | Proposed; penalties not final. | — | |
| United States | Missouri | HB 2628 | Election Deepfakes & Political Ads | Advanced / not enacted | Missouri has a tracked election-deepfake proposal reflected in the cited official source. Current public status: Advanced / not enacted. | Proposed; penalties not final. | — | |
| United States | New Jersey | A5510 / S2543 | Election Deepfakes & Political Ads | Advanced in legislature / enactment not confirmed | New Jersey has a tracked election-deepfake proposal reflected in the cited official source. Current public status: Advanced in legislature / enactment not confirmed. | Proposed; penalties not final. | — | |
| United States | Oklahoma | HB 3825 | Election Deepfakes & Political Ads | Advanced from committee / not enacted | Oklahoma has a tracked election-deepfake proposal reflected in the cited official source. Current public status: Advanced from committee / not enacted. | Proposed; penalties not final. | — | |
| United States | Virginia | HB 697 | Election Deepfakes & Political Ads | Passed one chamber / not enacted | Virginia has a tracked election-deepfake proposal reflected in the cited official source. Current public status: Passed one chamber / not enacted. | Proposed; penalties not final. | — |
No rows match the current filters.
Executive and agency policy
Executive orders, OMB memoranda, and internal government AI policies that bind public actors directly and often shape procurement, governance, and operational expectations. Current coverage in this section is primarily U.S.-focused.
Preset views
Quick views
| Region | Jurisdiction | Issuing body | Instrument | Type | Status | Adopted | Binding scope | Practical significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| United States | Federal | President of the United States | EO 14110 | Executive order | Revoked | 2023-10-30 | Binding within the executive branch until revoked | Biden-era federal AI executive order that set safety civil-rights privacy standards and directed extensive agency action. |
| United States | Federal | President of the United States | EO 14179 | Executive order | In force | 2025-01-23 | Binding within the executive branch | Trump-era executive order resetting federal AI policy toward innovation and revoking EO 14110. |
| United States | Federal | President of the United States | EO 14365 | Executive order | In force | 2025-12-11 | Binding within the executive branch | Federal executive order directing a national AI policy framework and a more aggressive federal posture toward state AI regulation. |
| United States | Federal | Office of Management and Budget | M-24-10 | OMB memorandum | Rescinded and replaced | 2024-03-28 | Binding on executive departments and agencies covered by the memo | OMB memo that imposed federal agency AI governance requirements including CAIO designation AI inventories and minimum practices for rights- and safety-impacting AI uses. |
| United States | Federal | Office of Management and Budget | M-24-18 | OMB memorandum | Rescinded and replaced | 2024-09-24 | Binding on executive departments and agencies covered by the memo | OMB procurement memo requiring agencies to improve responsible acquisition of AI through governance risk-management and market-competition safeguards. |
| United States | Federal | Office of Management and Budget | M-25-21 | OMB memorandum | In force | 2025-04-03 | Binding on executive departments and agencies covered by the memo | OMB memo directing agencies to accelerate federal AI use while maintaining governance and public-trust safeguards. |
| United States | Federal | Office of Management and Budget | M-25-22 | OMB memorandum | In force | 2025-04-03 | Binding on executive departments and agencies covered by the memo | OMB memo governing federal AI acquisition with emphasis on competition interoperability and responsible procurement controls. |
| United States | New York | New York State Office of Information Technology Services | New York AI Acceptable Use Policy | NYS IT policy | Active | 2025-03-11 | Binding internally across covered New York State entities | New York statewide IT policy governing acceptable use of AI technologies across covered state entities with privacy risk-management accountability safety and equity themes. |
| United States | Illinois | Illinois Department of Innovation and Technology | Illinois Responsible AI Policy | State agency policy | Active | 2025-04-01 | Binding internally across DoIT and agencies under the Governor's jurisdiction | Illinois statewide executive-branch AI policy requiring designated responsible personnel inventories and governance for agency AI development deployment and use. |
No rows match the current filters.
Indirect but important laws
These are not AI-specific statutes, but they can still control AI deployments in practice by setting privacy, anti-discrimination, governance, or administrative-law baselines. They are separated from the main binding-law table to keep the AI-specific layer clean.
| Region | Jurisdiction | Instrument | Type | Status | Effective date | Why it matters for AI | Scope note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| United States | Federal | TAKE IT DOWN Act / Pub. L. 119-12 | Federal criminal / platform-removal statute | In force | 2025-05-19 | Federal law criminalizing certain intentional publication or threats involving nonconsensual intimate visual depictions, including AI-generated digital forgeries, and requiring covered platforms to run a notice-and-removal process with 48-hour takedown timing. | Not a general AI act, but it directly reaches AI-generated intimate-image deepfakes. Pub. L. 119-12 took effect on enactment, and covered platforms must establish the takedown process not later than 2026-05-19; FTC enforces the notice-and-removal duties as unfair or deceptive acts or practices. |
| Canada | Canada | PIPEDA | Private-sector privacy statute | In force | Federal private-sector privacy baseline for commercial AI systems using personal information, including consent, use and disclosure limits, safeguards, access rights, breach reporting, and accountability duties. | Not AI-specific, but it creates a live complaint, investigation, and Federal Court remedy structure that can directly shape private-sector AI deployment. | |
| Canada | Quebec | Act respecting the protection of personal information in the private sector (Law 25 reforms) | Provincial privacy statute | In force | 2023-09-22 | Modernized Quebec private-sector privacy law requires a privacy officer, governance policies, privacy impact assessments, incident response, and other controls that strongly affect AI systems handling personal information. | Important AI-adjacent baseline, especially for model deployment and automated services touching Quebec residents, but still better presented as indirect law than as AI-specific legislation. |
| Canada | Canada | Canadian Human Rights Act | Anti-discrimination statute | In force | Provides a federal anti-discrimination baseline relevant to AI use in employment and service delivery, including adverse effects on protected groups and complaint-based enforcement through the Commission and Tribunal structure. | Not AI-specific, but a meaningful legal overlay when automated systems affect hiring, service access, or other rights-sensitive decisions in federal contexts. |
Voluntary but influential frameworks
This section tracks frameworks that are not binding law but often become benchmark expectations in governance, procurement, diligence, and outside-counsel advice.
| Region | Framework | Issuing body | Date | Status | Why it matters |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| United States | NIST AI RMF | National Institute of Standards and Technology | 2023-01-26 | Active voluntary framework | NIST framework for managing AI risk across design development deployment and use lifecycles. |