AI Litigation
AI litigation tracker and interactive hierarchy
This page is designed to do two jobs at once: preserve a usable working tracker of major U.S. AI litigation and surface the higher-level patterns that are hard to see when the disputes are buried in rows.
The table is the detail layer. The interactive view is the pattern layer. Together they make it easier to track who is suing whom, which model families keep showing up, where MDLs and consolidated proceedings are forming, and which courts are becoming recurring venues for AI disputes.
39tracked U.S. AI litigation matters
25provider or defendant clusters
12courts and jurisdictions represented
28rows marked primary-docket verified
Why this page is useful
Full tracker detail
The searchable table keeps the litigation record intact, including posture, verification status, MDL context, and practical relevance.
Interactive pattern view
The hierarchy view shows concentration by plaintiff, provider, model, and court so readers can spot where the disputes are clustering.
Broader risk coverage
This is not just a copyright page. It now spans privacy, product liability, employment, and patent/copyright-status disputes too.
What the tracker is actually showing
Current signal
The strongest concentration is still in copyright and training-data disputes, but that is no longer the whole story. Privacy, telemetry, hiring, and product-liability theories are now part of the same operating landscape.
What to watch next
- Whether courts split training-use analysis from output-side substitution or imitation theories.
- Whether publisher and music cases convert into licensing pressure rather than just liability pressure.
- Whether privacy and product-liability suits expand the AI litigation map beyond classic IP claims.
- Whether consolidated proceedings start to set the practical pace for motion practice and settlement.
Interactive hierarchy
Open the standalone hierarchy view
The hierarchy now lives on its own page so the litigation tracker and the cluster view can each do one job well. Use the standalone hierarchy when the goal is to see concentration by plaintiff, provider, model, and court without the tracker competing for space.
The tracker page is now the detail layer. The hierarchy page is the pattern layer.
Why split the pages
- AI Litigation stays focused on the matter tracker and case-by-case monitoring.
- AI Litigation Hierarchy becomes the cleaner visual map for relationship patterns.
- Courts and AI remains the separate rules, sanctions, disclosure, and courtroom-usage page.
Hierarchy page: /ai-litigation-hierarchy/. Courts and AI page: /courts-and-ai/.
Matter mix at a glance
Copyright / IP
35 tracked matters involving training, output, licensing, DMCA, trademark, or related IP theories.
Privacy and telemetry
1 tracked matters focused on prompt privacy, tracking, interception, data sharing, or related consent issues.
Product liability and safety
1 tracked matters focused on harm, safety guardrails, or downstream product-liability theories.
AI litigation tracker
Search active and recent U.S. AI litigation by plaintiff, provider, court, claims, posture, and model involvement.
Last updated 2026-07-09
| Filed / Court | Matter | Provider / Model | Claims / Posture | MDL / Verification | Why it matters |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023-12-27 S.D.N.Y. |
New York Times Co. v. Microsoft Corp. / OpenAI New York Times Co. |
OpenAI GPT models / ChatGPT / Microsoft Copilot-related OpenAI models |
Copyright; DMCA; unfair competition Discovery |
MDL member (MDL No. 3143) Verified from primary docket |
Bellwether for publisher content and LLM training/output substitution. |
| 2023-09-19 S.D.N.Y. |
Authors Guild / Alter v. OpenAI and Microsoft Authors Guild; Alter |
OpenAI GPT models / ChatGPT / OpenAI models; Microsoft Copilot-related uses |
Direct copyright infringement; contributory copyright infringement; vicarious copyright infringement; DMCA claims Discovery |
MDL lead (MDL No. 3143) Mixed verification |
One of the central book-training cases against OpenAI and Microsoft, now serving as part of the lead coordinated federal copyright fight over LLM training data. |
| 2024-08-19 N.D. Cal. |
Bartz v. Anthropic Bartz |
Anthropic Claude LLMs |
Copyright; class action Settlement approval |
Standalone Verified from primary docket |
Important ruling distinguishing lawful training copies from pirated library retention. |
| 2023-07-07 N.D. Cal. |
Kadrey v. Meta Platforms Kadrey |
Meta Llama family models |
Copyright; DMCA Summary judgment |
Standalone Verified from primary docket |
Key fair-use case for books used in foundation model training. |
| 2023-10-18 N.D. Cal. |
Concord Music Group, Inc. v. Anthropic PBC Concord Music Group, Inc. |
Anthropic Claude LLMs |
Copyright; DMCA 1202 Discovery |
Standalone Verified from primary docket |
Tests lyrics-training/output infringement and DMCA theories. |
| 2026-03-18 N.D. Cal. |
BMG Rights Management v. Anthropic BMG Rights Management |
Anthropic Claude LLMs |
Copyright infringement Pleading / motion to dismiss |
Standalone Verified from primary docket |
Major music-publisher suit against Anthropic covering nearly 500 compositions and expressly targeting both training use and Claude outputs. |
| 2022-11-03 N.D. Cal.; 9th Cir. |
Doe v. GitHub, Inc. / Microsoft / OpenAI Doe |
GitHub GitHub Copilot / OpenAI Codex |
Open-source licenses; DMCA; contract Appeal |
Related action / parallel appeal Mixed verification |
Key case for AI coding tools and OSS compliance. |
| 2023-01-13 N.D. Cal. |
Andersen v. Stability AI / Midjourney / DeviantArt Andersen |
Stability AI Stable Diffusion; DreamStudio; Midjourney; DeviantArt DreamUp; Runway AI systems |
Copyright; DMCA; false endorsement; trade dress Discovery |
Standalone Verified from primary docket |
Leading image-generator copyright/trademark litigation. |
| 2023-02-03 D. Del. |
Getty Images (US), Inc. v. Stability AI Getty Images (US), Inc. |
Stability AI Stable Diffusion / Stability AI image-generation models |
Copyright; trademark Resolved |
Standalone Verified from primary docket |
High-profile stock-photo training dispute; U.S. case terminated. |
| 2025-06-11 C.D. Cal. |
Disney / Universal / Warner Bros. v. Midjourney Disney; Universal; Warner Bros. |
Midjourney Midjourney image-generation model |
Copyright; trademark/related claims Monitoring only / reported matter |
Related action / coordinated studio filings Mixed verification |
Major studio challenge to character/IP generation. |
| 2025-02-13 S.D.N.Y. |
Advance Local Media LLC v. Cohere Inc. Advance Local Media LLC |
Cohere Cohere AI systems / LLMs |
Direct copyright infringement; secondary copyright infringement; trademark infringement; false designation of origin Discovery |
Standalone Verified from primary docket |
Bellwether publisher case testing AI summaries, hallucinated attribution, and trademark theories against an LLM provider. |
| 2024-10-21 S.D.N.Y. |
Dow Jones & Co. / NY Post v. Perplexity AI Dow Jones & Co.; NY Post |
Perplexity AI Perplexity AI answer/search engine models |
Copyright; trademark Pleading / motion to dismiss |
Standalone Verified from primary docket |
Tests AI search/answer substitute theories. |
| 2025-06-04 N.D. Cal. |
Reddit, Inc. v. Anthropic PBC Reddit, Inc. |
Anthropic Anthropic Claude / related Anthropic models |
Contract; platform terms; misuse/scraping Discovery |
Standalone Verified from primary docket |
Important ToS/scraping/platform-data case. |
| 2022-06-02 D.D.C.; D.C. Cir.; SCOTUS cert |
Thaler v. Perlmutter / U.S. Copyright Office Thaler |
U.S. Copyright Office Creativity Machine / DABUS-related AI authorship system |
Copyright authorship / APA Resolved |
Standalone Mixed verification |
Definitive AI authorship case under current copyright law. |
| 2020-08-06 E.D. Va.; Fed. Cir. |
Thaler v. Vidal / USPTO Thaler |
USPTO DABUS AI system |
Patent inventorship / APA Resolved |
Standalone Mixed verification |
Confirms human inventor requirement under current Patent Act. |
| 2023-02-21 N.D. Cal. |
Mobley v. Workday, Inc. Mobley |
Workday Workday AI-powered screening / recommendation tools |
Title VII; ADEA; ADA; state FEHA Pleading / motion to dismiss |
Standalone Verified from primary docket |
Bellwether for AI hiring vendor liability. |
| 2022-05-05 E.D.N.Y. |
EEOC v. iTutorGroup EEOC |
iTutorGroup iTutorGroup automated hiring / screening algorithm |
ADEA; algorithmic discrimination Resolved |
Standalone Verified from primary docket |
Important EEOC AI-screening enforcement precedent. |
| 2026-02-18 C.D. Cal. |
Chmura v. Snap Inc. Chmura |
Snap Inc. Snap AI chatbot / companion-type functionality – verify model |
Copyright infringement Pleading / motion to dismiss |
Consolidated member (lead 2:26-cv-00754-AB-MBK) Mixed verification |
Copyright challenge to Snap’s AI services that is now part of a coordinated consolidated action rather than a standalone reported matter. |
| 2025-03-11 N.D. Cal. |
xAI v. OpenAI xAI |
OpenAI OpenAI models / disputed trade-secret AI systems – verify |
Trade secrets; unfair competition Appeal |
Standalone Verified from primary docket |
Competitive AI trade-secret risk. |
| 2026-03-31 N.D. Cal. |
Perplexity AI consumer data-sharing class action |
Perplexity AI Perplexity AI search / answer engine |
CIPA; ECPA; CDAFA; unfair competition; California constitutional privacy Pleading / motion to dismiss |
Standalone Verified from secondary sources |
Key non-copyright AI case testing whether chatbot/search telemetry and ad-tech integrations can trigger privacy and interception liability. |
| 2026-03-10 S.D.N.Y. |
Gracenote Media Services, LLC v. OpenAI Foundation Gracenote Media Services, LLC |
OpenAI Foundation OpenAI models – verify specific model |
Copyright/data rights Monitoring only / reported matter |
Standalone Verified from primary docket |
Reported AI copyright matter; docket details need verification. |
| 2025-09-10 S.D.N.Y. |
Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc. / Merriam-Webster, Inc. v. Perplexity AI, Inc. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.; Merriam-Webster, Inc. |
Perplexity AI OpenAI models – verify specific model |
Copyright/data rights Monitoring only / reported matter |
Standalone Verified from primary docket |
Reported AI copyright matter; docket details need verification. |
| 2026-05-05 S.D.N.Y. |
Elsevier, Cengage, Hachette, Macmillan, McGraw Hill, Scott Turow, and S.C.R.I.B.E., Inc. v. Meta Platforms, Inc. and Mark Zuckerberg Elsevier; Cengage; Hachette; Macmillan; McGraw Hill; Scott Turow; S.C.R.I.B.E., Inc. |
Meta Platforms, Inc. Meta Llama / Meta AI models – verify specific model |
Copyright infringement; distribution by torrenting; contributory infringement; DMCA section 1202(b) Pleading / motion to dismiss |
Standalone Verified from primary docket |
First major publisher-led AI copyright class action focused on both trade books and academic journal content, with potential to shape licensing and fair-use analysis for enterprise knowledge corpora. |
| 2026-05-07 N.D. Cal. |
Chicken Soup for the Soul, LLC v. Anthropic PBC Chicken Soup for the Soul, LLC |
Anthropic PBC Anthropic Claude / related Anthropic models – verify |
Copyright infringement Discovery |
Standalone Verified from primary docket |
Another direct Anthropic copyright suit extending the training-data fight beyond music and publishers into book and narrative content. |
| 2026-02-27 S.D.N.Y. |
Businessing LLC v. Runway AI, Inc. Businessing LLC |
Runway AI, Inc. Runway generative video/image models – verify specific system |
Personal injury; negligence / product liability theories Discovery |
Consolidated member (master 1:26-cv-01362-LAK) Mixed verification |
A notable non-copyright AI case against Runway that raises product-liability and harm-based theories in a consolidated federal action. |
| 2024-06-24 D. Mass. |
UMG Recordings, Inc. v. Suno, Inc. UMG Recordings, Inc. |
Suno, Inc. Suno generative music model |
Copyright; DMCA Discovery |
Standalone Verified from primary docket |
Major AI music training case against Suno. |
| 2024-06-24 S.D.N.Y. |
UMG Recordings, Inc. v. Uncharted Labs, Inc. d/b/a Udio UMG Recordings, Inc. |
Uncharted Labs / Udio Udio generative music model |
Copyright; DMCA Monitoring only / reported matter |
Standalone Verified from primary docket |
Parallel AI music case against Udio. |
| 2024-03-08 N.D. Cal. |
Nazemian v. NVIDIA Corp. Nazemian |
NVIDIA NVIDIA NeMo / Megatron / related LLM training systems |
Copyright; DMCA CMI Discovery |
Standalone Verified from primary docket |
AI-training case against AI infrastructure company. |
| 2023-07-11 N.D. Cal. |
In re Google Generative AI Copyright Litigation / Zhang v. Google In re Google Generative AI Copyright Litigation; Zhang |
Google Google Gemini / Imagen / Bard / Google generative AI systems – verify specific models by claim |
Copyright; vicarious copyright claims Pleading / motion to dismiss |
Consolidated lead / related actions Mixed verification |
Broad case against Google GenAI systems. |
| 2020-05-06 D. Del.; 3d Cir. |
Thomson Reuters Enterprise Centre GmbH v. ROSS Intelligence Inc. Thomson Reuters Enterprise Centre GmbH |
ROSS Intelligence ROSS Intelligence AI legal research system |
Copyright; fair use Appeal |
Standalone Mixed verification |
Landmark fair-use ruling for proprietary legal content. |
| 2025-12-22 N.D. Cal. |
Carreyrou v. Anthropic PBC et al. Carreyrou |
Anthropic Claude; Gemini; Apple AI systems; NVIDIA models; Perplexity; xAI models – severed by defendant; verify each action |
Copyright Discovery |
Standalone Verified from primary docket |
Tests opt-out author claims and multi-defendant severance. |
| 2024-12-31 N.D. Cal. |
EVOX Productions, LLC v. The Leland Stanford Junior University EVOX Productions, LLC |
Stanford University ImageNet-related dataset / computer vision training systems – not a single commercial model |
Copyright Pleading / motion to dismiss |
Standalone Verified from primary docket |
Brings dataset provenance scrutiny to academic ML datasets. |
| 2026-03-26 N.D. Cal.; W.D. Wash. |
Beaulier v. Meta / NVIDIA / Roblox / Microsoft Beaulier |
Meta Meta SAM-3D; NVIDIA TRELLIS / TRELLIS-500K; Roblox Cube3D; Microsoft 3D/AI asset systems – verify by docket |
DMCA 1202(b); CMI removal Monitoring only / reported matter |
Related action / parallel multi-case filings Mixed verification |
New 3D model/CMI/Creative Commons litigation category. |
| 2025-04-24 D. Del.; S.D.N.Y. |
Ziff Davis, Inc. v. OpenAI, Inc. Ziff Davis, Inc.; Ziff Davis, LLC; IGN Entertainment, Inc.; Everyday Health Media, LLC |
OpenAI, Inc. GPT models / ChatGPT / OpenAI models |
Copyright; DMCA 1201/1202; trademark dilution Discovery |
MDL member (MDL No. 3143) Verified from primary docket |
Adds a major digital-publisher plaintiff cluster to the OpenAI litigation set. |
| 2024-02-28 S.D.N.Y. |
The Intercept Media, Inc. v. OpenAI, Inc. The Intercept Media, Inc. |
OpenAI, Inc. GPT models / ChatGPT / OpenAI models |
Copyright; DMCA 1202 Pleading / motion to dismiss |
Standalone Verified from primary docket |
A leading publisher-side DMCA 1202 case against OpenAI. |
| 2024-02-28 S.D.N.Y. |
Raw Story Media, Inc. / AlterNet Media, Inc. v. OpenAI, Inc. Raw Story Media, Inc.; AlterNet Media, Inc. |
OpenAI, Inc. GPT models / ChatGPT / OpenAI models |
DMCA 1202; copyright-related claims Resolved |
Standalone Verified from primary docket |
Part of the OpenAI publisher cluster and useful as a contrast with The Intercept. |
| 2025-12-04 S.D.N.Y. |
The New York Times Company v. Perplexity AI, Inc. The New York Times Company |
Perplexity AI, Inc. Perplexity AI search / answer engine |
Copyright; trademark; unfair competition Pleading / motion to dismiss |
Standalone Verified from primary docket |
Extends the NYT dispute from training-focused claims to answer-engine substitution. |
| 2025-12-04 S.D.N.Y. |
Chicago Tribune Company, LLC v. Perplexity AI, Inc. Chicago Tribune Company, LLC |
Perplexity AI, Inc. Perplexity AI search / answer engine |
Copyright; trademark Pleading / motion to dismiss |
Standalone Verified from primary docket |
Confirms the Perplexity publisher cluster is broader than a single flagship plaintiff. |
| 2026-05-28 S.D.N.Y. |
Cable News Network Inc. v. Perplexity AI, Inc. Cable News Network Inc. |
Perplexity AI, Inc. Perplexity AI search / answer engine |
Copyright; trademark Pleading / motion to dismiss |
Standalone Verified from primary docket |
Adds an audiovisual-news plaintiff to the Perplexity cluster. |
No rows match the current search or provider filter.
Source note: this published view is derived from the internal workbook tracker. Primary docket verification status remains visible because not every row is equally mature.
How to use this page
Start with the hierarchy
Use the interactive view first if the goal is to understand concentration: plaintiff clusters, provider exposure, court overlap, or model-family repetition.
Drop into the table
Use the tracker table when you need case-level detail, posture, verification status, MDL context, or a fast scan of why a matter matters.
Read verification status carefully
Not every row is equally mature. Some are primary-docket verified, some are mixed, and some still reflect coordinated or reported matters that need further cleanup.
Source note
This page uses the internal workbook as the source of truth. The interactive hierarchy is a visualization layer generated from the same dataset. Primary-docket verification status should stay visible because some rows are still being confirmed, tracked through consolidated proceedings, or carried as secondary-source leads pending cleaner docket confirmation.